一闪一闪亮晶晶ℂ°º♥

匿名者指出一些翻譯上的錯誤理解+補充了一些新資料.

部分電子郵件截圖

匿名者是一位在美國研修法律的朱花.她通過我的部落格獲知阿呆案件的進展情況,也看到了我們之間的討論與擔憂.

因此,她以自己的專業知識,並在google裡搜索出關於K國的刑罪審訊程序,加以分析解說.幫助我們對K國的審訊程序,有更深一層的認識.

雖然知道得越多,越會感到憤憤不平.然而就我個人而言,的確!我們沒有辦法給予阿呆任何實際上的法律援助,

然而至少我可以知道K國的刑罪審訊程序到底是如何進行!

聲明:

匿名者的解說,並不能100%決定此案件真正的審訊程序.畢竟在這案件裡,好像也沒有真正的在依法辦事.

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TRANSLATE BY-runningmoon

SOURCE FROM:匿名者

Got your email address from your blog.  Sorry to correspond in English. I’ve never used Chinese software and don’t even know where to begin. I’m fully bilingual. So  please feel free to write back, if you want,  in either Chinese or English. If I should make my English easier to read, let me know and I’ll try my best.

從您的博客獲得您的電子郵件地址。對不起,以英文與你通信。我從來沒有使用中文軟件,甚至不知道從何處開始。我完全不精通雙語。因此，如果你願意,請隨時回信，可以使用中文或英文。如果我可以把我的英文表達方式讓你更易於閱讀，讓我知道，我會盡我所能。

I practice law in the US. I quickly Googled several English sources on criminal procedures in Country K to better understand what may lie ahead after an indictment. Below is a very crude summary. Because I’m entirely unfamiliar with Korean laws, errors are unavoidable. Also,  Country K has basically a continental legal system – as in many parts of Europe, Japan and Taiwan. And like those countries,   Country K has also adopted various elements of Anglo-American criminal laws and procedures. It is continuing to reform its criminal laws and procedures, focusing in part on strengthening human rights protection. So some of the information may already be outdated.

我在美國學習法律.我很快Googled幾個關於K國刑事訴訟程序中的英文資料來源,在收到起訴書後,以更好地了解未來可能存在的謊言。以下是一個非常粗略的總結。

因為我完全不熟悉K國法律的，錯誤是不可避免的。此外，K國基本上是一個大陸的法律制度-和在許多地方如歐洲，日本和台灣一樣。和這些國家一樣，K國也采用了英美刑事法律和程序的各種要素,繼續改革其刑事法律和程序，並把重點專注於加強在一定程度上的人權保護。因此，一些信息可能已經過時。

1. Investigation. After the initial investigation, the police must forward the case to the prosecutor. The police has no authority to decide whether to indict or dismiss the investigation. When forwarding the case, the police will also forward an opinion on whether the case should move forward. The prosecutor has the authority to direct and supervise police investigations.

1.調查--經過初步調查，警方必須把案件的進展程度呈報於檢察官。

警方並沒有權力來決定是否起訴或駁回調查。當案件呈報於檢察官時，警察也將提出他們的意見,在於是否應繼續更進此案件。檢察官有權指導和監督警察的調查情況。

2. Indictment. The decision to indict rests exclusively with the prosecutor. To indict, the prosecutor files a written indictment with the court. The indictment lists the name of the accused, the alleged crime, the alleged evidence of crime, and the criminal code. However, no supporting evidence is included at this stage to avoid prejudicing the judge.

2.起訴書--起訴的決定完全取決於檢察官。

當被起訴時，檢察官的書面文件與法院的起訴書將一起被呈交。起訴書中將列出被告的名字，被告被指控的犯罪，涉嫌犯罪的證據，和刑事法典。但是，在這一階段，沒有包括其他支持起訴的證據，以避免妨礙法官。

The prosecutor has the discretion not to bring a case before the court if the there’s insufficient evidence. Even if there’s sufficient evidence, the prosecutor can decide not to file a charge because of certain circumstances (such as suspect’s age, motive, intelligence, seriousness of the crime, lack of criminal history, etc. We’ve passed this point, obviously.

如果有足夠的證據,檢察官擁有自由裁量權,以決定不將案件提交法院。即使有足夠的證據，檢察官還是可以因為在某些情況下（如嫌疑人的年齡，動機，情報，嚴重的犯罪，缺乏犯罪記錄等.)決定不提指控.

很明顯的,我們已經錯失了這一點。(注:passed 在這裡,我無法確定是以:錯失讓智勳避免被控訴的機會或因為智勳擁有良好背景紀錄,所以還是有機會被檢察官撤銷控訴.)

The prosecutor also has the authority to cancel an indictment after it’s been filed, up to the first sentencing.

檢察官即使已經提出控訴，或延伸至第一次判刑結果出爐,他還有權取消控訴,撤回起訴書

3. Trial. There is no pre-trial proceeding, such as grand jury system, preliminary hearing, or arraignment. So, a trial basically follows indictment directly.  Also, unlike the U.S., where a majority of the criminal cases are settled before trial, plea bargaining is still uncommon. (  Country K’s Ministry of Justice is currently studying the plea bargaining practices used in US for potential future adoption.)  Even if the accused pleads guilty in open court, the prosecutor still must present evidence to prove the case, though the process will obviously move much quicker.  Of course, this does not mean that the criminal defense counsel couldn't be talking to the prosecutor to try to reach some understanding about any aspect of the case outside the courtroom.

3 .審訊--沒有預審程序，如大陪審團制度，初步聽證會，或提審。

因此，審訊基本上直接跟隨起訴書一起開始。

此外，與美國不同，在美國,大多數刑事案件在審判，辯訴交易進行前就得到解決,是少見的。 （K國司法部目前正在研究目前美國使用的辯訴交易的做法,以便在未來可以通過使用。）

雖說,即使被告人在公開法庭上認罪，而雖然這一進程顯然將案件處理速度加快得多,但是檢察官還是必須出示證據,證明此案件被訴訟的原因。

當然，這並不意味著在法庭外,刑事辯護律師不能與檢察官談論案件的任何詳情,或試圖達成某種程度上的諒解。

After indictment, the judge sets the trial date, sends the indictment to the accused, and the prosecutor is supposed to forward all evidence to the accused before trial. There is no jury. The judge is the fact-finder. During trial, the prosecutor presents the case and interrogates the accused, followed by the defense attorney (if there is one). The judge can be an active questioner. The accused, however, has the right to remain silent. (This is common in the US though it’s unclear how common it is in Korea.) The trial is normally open to the public. At the end of the trial, the prosecution proposes punishment and the defense counsel makes a final plea against the prosecution’s proposal.

被起訴後，法官確定了審判日期，發送起訴書於被告。

檢察官在審訊之前,是必須把所有的訴訟證據提交於被告。

沒有陪審團。法官是查詢事實的揭發者。在審判期間，檢察官呈交了案件和訊問被告人，其次是辯護律師（如果有的話） 。法官可以是一個積極的提問者。

然而，被告人有權利保持沉默。（這是在美國普遍的審訊情況,目前還不清楚在韓國它是否也如此）

審判通常是向公眾開放。在審訊結束時，檢察機關將提出處罰,辯護律師將針對檢察機關的建議做出最後的請求/上訴。

4. Sentencing. After trial, the judge hands out the judgment without having to consult with the prosecutor. The judge has considerable discretion, which could make it difficult to predict the outcome. In this case, for instance, the judge may go for leniency and impose only probation, fine, and/or community service because the accused appears to be strictly a one-time experimental user (two instances in one month more than a year ago and when drunk) rather than a frequent, regular or long-time user, has no addiction issue, has no criminal record, is cooperative and deeply remorseful, and has already suffered huge consequences. Also, unlike drug trafficking or assault, for instance, there was no other victim. Or the judge may him to a higher standard because of his celebrity status, use him as the sacrificial lamb to warn the public, and hand out extra stiff sentence with some (presumably short) jail time.

4 .判刑--審訊後，法官不必與檢察官協商,將有權利決定判決。

法官有很大的自由裁量權，這可能將使人們面對難以預料的結果。

在這種情況下，例如:法官可能會從寬處理，並實行緩刑，罰款和/或社區服務

因為被告嚴格上來說,似乎是一次性實驗使用者（在兩種情況下,一個月和一年多前和當他喝醉酒時所犯下的罪證），而不是頻密，經常或長期使用者，並沒有上癮的問題，也沒有任何犯罪記錄，是一個主動和警方合作的人,也在深深懊悔著，並且已經蒙受了巨大的後果。

同時，也不是販毒或攻擊罪,也沒有其他的受害者。

也有可能,法官可能對他持有更高的標準，因為他的明星身份，利用他作為犧牲的羔羊，以提醒市民，說出一些嚴厲的警告與判決一些（大概短期）服刑時間。

Regardless of the legal systems, it is essential to have the advice and representation of a sharp and experienced criminal defense attorney.  And for a well-known person, I suspect it would be crucial to have a savvy public relations advisor who could quietly start a campaign to blunt the negative tide and rally support in ways that make sense in that country for this type of situation. This may be the time for those who know him or have worked with him to voice their support by telling people the JH they know. This may or may not also be the time to break the silence. All this requires $, smart thinking, and a willingness to map out the best way to work a system that could be merciless and crushing. This is being practical when whne much could be at stake. This is called fighting for the right and opportunity to live with integrity and to the fullest extent possible.

在法律制度中，必須要有一位精明,經驗豐富,可以給予建設性忠告的刑事辯護律師做為代表

作為一個知名人士,，我懷疑至關重要的是,擁有一個機靈,精明的公共關係顧問,才可以悄悄地展開一場徵戰運動，以挫傷消極的潮信

意謂著在該國的這種類型的情況下,覺察到如何爭取,以獲得支持的方式。

這可能須要時間，讓那些真正了解他,和他一起共事的人,為了表達支持智勳的心態,而把他們自己所認識的智勳,說給其他人了解以做出澄清。

這可能會或不可能,是適合打破沉默的時間。

所有這些都需要錢 ，聰明的想法，並願意去計劃最佳行動計劃系統，都可能被無情的粉碎。

在真正付予實際行動之前,這是一場賭注。這就是所謂的為了爭取權利,和盡可能充分地生活在廉正世界裡所做出的鬥爭。

Several other things:

1. For most indicted cases in Korea, confession appears to be very, very common. The confession must be voluntary and the prosecutor is required to substantiate the confession with corroborating evidence. (This should not hard if everyone who was at the party gave the basically same testimony.) Moreover, the conviction rate in  Country K is well over 90%, considerably higher than the rate in the US or western European countries. In other words, in  Country K, it’s rare to get a non-guilty verdict once the case is indicted. (These realities may partly explain why  Country K fans were waiting to see whether the prosecutor would file charges in the first place and why JH and his reps remained silent in the interim.)

其他幾個因素：

1 。對於大多數在韓國的起訴案件，自白書是非常，非常普遍。

自白書必須是自願招供,檢察官也需要提供佐證,證實自白書裡的供詞。（這應該不難，如果所有在派對裡的人都給了基本相同的證詞。 ）

此外，在K國的定罪率是超過90 ％，大大高於率在美國或西歐國家。

換言之，在K國，此案一被起訴後,要獲得非有罪判決,是罕見的。

（這些現實情況,可能可以解釋為什麼K國粉絲都等著看檢察官是否將第一時間進行起訴，為什麼智勳和他的代表在過渡時期,保持沉默。 ）

2. Like most proud old countries that have to undergo rapid modernization and adapt to the onslaught of foreign influences,  Country K has a love-hate relationship with foreign powers and western influences.     Country K society attaches a particular stigma to persons convicted of a drug-related crime because it views drugs as representative of the evil side of foreign influences. Many citizens therefore consider drug offenders morally inferior and deserving of harsh treatment. This attitude will likely complicate the comeback effort. However, drug offenses, especially those involving methamphetamine and recreational drugs, have been on the rise among all walks of society since Country K’s last economic crisis and may be spiking during the most current economic meltdown. Despite the more sensational reports linking drug uses to entertainers, statistics from the earlier part of 2000 showed that office workers formed the largest % of convicted drug users in    Country K. Just this month, a large number of teachers and ministers were busted for regular use of illegal drugs.

2 。像大多數在進行快速的現代化和適應外國衝擊的影響下，仍保有自豪心態的舊式國家,K國對外國勢力和西方的影響抱有既愛又恨的關係。

K國社會對因與毒品有關而被定罪的人帶有恥辱之心態，因為它認為毒品是代表受到外國邪惡一方的影響。許多市民因此認為毒品罪犯在道義上低人一等，而且應該遭受到苛刻待遇。

這種態度很可能會捲土重來,使之前的努力複雜化。然而，毒品犯罪，特別是那些涉及甲基苯丙胺和毒品娛樂活動，因為K國去年的經濟危機,因此在社會各階層,一直在增長中，並可能在最新經濟危機中崩潰。

儘管更聳人聽聞的報告中,把毒品使用者和娛樂界人士聯繫起來，根據2000年早些時候的一部分統計資料表明，在K國,組成的最大巴仙佔有率的的定罪吸毒者屬於辦公室工作人員。就在這個月，許多教師和部長們都被破獲經常使用非法毒品。

更正翻譯上的錯誤

Based on the article I read, the word "ministers" in this context refers to church ministers.  Definitely not ministers of government departments!  Also, I don't mean to suggest he's puppet (who knows) but a character in the whole drug story.

基於我讀到的文章中， “部長”在這方面是指教會部長。絕對不是政府部門的部長！此外，我並不是要表明他是傀儡（誰知道） ，但是在整個毒品事件中,它屬於一個較小的角色。

Drug use rate is still very low in  Country K compared to other countries. However, with more widespread use and exposure to approaches used by other countries (including Taiwan) in dealing with drug problems, more complex, nuanced and diverse views are emerging about the wisdom of aggressively and extensively criminalizing (with insufficient consideration for rehabilitation) drug users (as vs. drug producers and distributors).  Also, whether the police and prosecutor end up indicting more people may sway public opinions in different directions.  (They have not formally announced that they have concluded the investigation.  However, public criticism will sure follow if there are no more indictments in the near future.)  In a way, if the indictment is unavoidable, it's good that it came out now.  It clearly spells out the alleged crime and time, and confirms that JH was simply a bit player in the whole scheme.  This may help to quiet down some of inaccurate and inflammatory reporting in the past few weeks.  Also, it could be even more draining to be dangling out there indefinitely without knowing what may hit you and at what time.  Now there is something more concrete to deal with.

在K國,與其他國家相比,毒品使用率仍然很低。然而，在其他國家（包括台灣）因廣泛地使用機率和採用的方法,造成在處理毒品問題時，更加複雜化.細緻的見解和明智的行為（如與藥物生產商和分銷商）正積極地侵略,卻也造成吸毒者廣泛的刑事犯罪的智慧犯罪行為（在充分考慮恢復更嚴厲的制裁刑罰）的出現。

此外，不管警察和檢察官是否終止起訴，最終越來越多的人,可能會在不同的層面,動搖了大眾的意見。（雖然他們還沒有正式宣布，他們已經結束了調查。然而，在不久的將來,公眾的批評將會因為沒有更多的起訴書出現，而持續更進此案件的後續發展。）

從某種意義上來說，如果起訴書是不可避免的，那它能夠在這時候出現是很好的。它清楚地闡明了被指控的罪刑和時間，並確認了智勳只不過是整個陰謀計劃裡的玩偶。

這可能有助於平息,在過去數星期以來,一些不準確和煽動性的報導。此外，它也可以確定幫你解決心中那懸掛了無限期的疑惑和在不知道在什麼時候和情況下,可以重擊你的一個結果。讓你知道,現在還有一些更具體的事情需要處理。      

This is way longer than I planned! I noticed related discussions at your blog (keep up the good work!) and thought I’d share what I learned.

This is my private email address. I trust that you will keep the address confidential and not share it with others.
這是一條比我計劃中,遙遠的奮戰之路！我注意到你博客中有關的討論（繼續堅持良好的互動！ ） 我會分享我所有學習的經驗與教訓。

這是我私人的電子郵件地址。我相信，你將妥善處理和保密,不與他人共享。

PS:剛發現這位朱花的另一封email,要求身份被保密.所以把她的名字隱略了.我想既然她要求匿名發言,那這封由她撰寫的法律訊息,也不方便公開轉載到其他地方了.對不起,我們必須尊重她的個人意見.謝謝她的熱心幫忙.

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23/5新增

The bottom line for the case is probably this:  Drug use is a serious crime in Country  K.  There is no getting around that reality.  Based strictly on newspaper reports (which may or may not be accurate or complete), the allegations in the indictment appear straightforward enough: two isolated incidents of illegal usage over year ago. Unless something unexpected turns up, a guilty verdict is likely. The Penal Code authorizes a range of punishments.  The question comes down to what kind of punishment the judge will hand out.

這件案件的結果大概是這樣：

在K國-使用毒品是嚴重罪行。這是沒有得迴避的一個現實。

基於報紙的嚴正報導（可能是精確或不準確的完整性報導），在起訴書中的指控,似乎不夠直截了當：

兩件發生在遙遠時期的事件，而且是在超過一年前非法使用,除非有意想不到的事情發生，或許才可能有罪判決。

刑法授權一系列的處罰。

這個問題歸結為法官會做出什麼樣的判刑。

Then there is the court of public opinions, which in the long run probably matters more for persons whose work requires them to be in the public eye. 

其次是法院的公眾意見，這從長遠來看，也許在某些事項,工作上的要求可能讓他們成為公眾視線的焦點人物。

更正/補充資訊

"court of public opinions" is an English phrase referring to  judgment and opinions by the public, by the society.  ("Court of law" is the formal court presided by a judge.) What I meant was, public opinions will probably have more impact on the career of a public figure  in the long run.

“法院的公眾意見”是一個英文詞組,指的是來自社會大眾的判決和意見。 （ “法院的法律”是由法官主持的正式法庭。 ）我的意思是，從長遠來看,公眾的意見將有可能對 ,從事職業生涯的公眾人物.有著更多的影響。
No matter what, negative publicity is likely to continue for awhile.
不管如何，負面宣傳很可能會繼續一段時間。
 
It would not be surprising -- and may even be wise -- that JH would remain out of public eye as much as possible for sometime (the two-year mandatory military service is coming up as well). Until memory about this chapter of his life dims with time.  Until he's ready and willing to re-emerge.   

這並不令人吃驚-甚至可能是明智的-

這樣,JH將可能在公眾的視線範圍內保留一段時間（在為期兩年的兵役也即將來臨的時刻） 。

一直到他的生命裡的這一篇章隨著時間的推移而暗淡。一直到他願意重新再出現。
     
He's a talented and fearless actor. He's also young and with a long road ahead.  If he remains passionate about acting and stays resilient and healthy, and if directors and producers are willing to work with him, he could resume acting when the timing is right.  Perhaps by working with regional theaters first?  The projects he picked after Goong were diverse, interesting, off-beat, and challenging but commercially risky. There was no vanity project or slashy product endorsements calculated to ensure commercial success and big financial gains, or to solidify or perpetuate the idol status.  Quite the opposite.  All these speak to a genuine interest in being a true actor, not a major commercial star or celebrity.  His private life seems modest and low-key.  These are all endearing qualities that should serve him well in the long run if he continues to want to act.  

他是一個天才和無所畏懼的演員。他還年輕，還有很長的路要走。

如果他仍然熱愛演藝世界,繼續保持活力和健康的生活，如果導演和製片都願意再與他共事，他可以在時機已經成熟的時候,重新開始他的演藝生漄。

也許先通過與區域性的電影院合作？

自從'宮'之後,他選擇的作品，是多樣化的，有趣，離奇，和富有挑戰性的，但卻有著商業上的風險。

沒有把浮華的作品或產品代言計算在內 ，以確保獲得商業上的成功和巨大的財政收益，或為了鞏固永久的偶像地位。恰恰相反,所有這行徑,讓他看起來是為了當一個真正的演員，而不是一個主要的商業明星或名人。

他的私人生活似乎溫和，低調。如果他繼續要投入演藝生漄,從長遠來看,這些有優渥的因素,應該都可以幫扶他再次出發。

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